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Nestor Apollonovich Lakoba ((ロシア語:Не́стор Аполло́нович Лако́ба)) (1 May 1893 – 28 December 1936) was an Abkhaz Communist leader. ==Biography== Nestor Lakoba was born in the village of Lykhny in Abkhazia and like many Caucasian Bolsheviks, began as a bandit persecuted by the Tsarist police, and he became a personal friend of Stalin's during their time together in the revolutionary underground.〔Derluguian, p. 235.〕 In the years after the October Revolution, Lakoba greatly helped his career by first being a devoted follower of Lenin and then of Stalin, to whom he pledged unconditional allegiance and whose cult of personality he initiated in Abkhazia in the 1930s. In 1921, when Bolshevist Russia conquered Georgia, he became Communist Party chief (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee) in Abkhazia. For the next decade Abkhazia was a ''Union Republic'', associated with the Georgian SSR, but in 1931 Stalin made it an Autonomous Republic more firmly under Georgian control. This compelled Lakoba to make regular visits to the capital of Georgia, Tbilisi, in order to intercede on behalf of his homeland.〔Kun, p. 47.〕 Lakoba was a short, slightly reserved, and almost entirely deaf man, and he established good relationships with many Kremlin power-brokers, drawn as they were to holidays in his beautiful sub-tropical province.〔 He regularly sent crates of tangerines to Moscow for Stalin and other Caucasians there.〔Kun, p. 49.〕 He also welcomed those no longer in the leadership's good graces; for instance, he and his brother Mikhail, People's Commissar of internal affairs and later of agriculture in Abkhazia, welcomed the seriously ill Leon Trotsky and his wife for several months in 1925.〔〔Trotsky.〕 Lakoba managed to stave off collectivization during his leadership of Abkhazia, persuading Stalin to deal gradually with particularly backward peoples. The situation changed after his death, when the process began with a vengeance and landless peasants from central and western Georgia were brought in.〔 In 1932 Lakoba had made a deadly mistake. He told his friend, high-ranking Georgian Communist Sergo Ordzhonikidze, that his main rival, Transcaucasian Party chief Lavrentiy Beria, an acquaintance of both men, had been making some extremely derogatory remarks about Ordzhonikidze, such as "In 1924 Sergo would have shot all Georgians if it hadn't been for me".〔Knight, p. 51.〕 Ordzhonikidze was enraged, as was Beria when he found out what had occurred. Beria felt compelled to send a series of letters apologizing to Ordzhonikidze, his patron. One of these, dated 18 December 1932, read, in part: "I admire you too much to say those things. I ask you only one thing–don't believe anyone."〔 Beria and Lakoba had despised each other for years, their feud deliberately fuelled by Stalin.〔Knight, p. 72.〕 Another source of tension may have been the longstanding animosity between Mingrelians (of whom Beria was one) and Abkhazians; during the Second Five-Year Plan (1933–37) Beria initiated the settlement of large numbers of Mingrelians, Armenians and Russians into Abkhazia.〔 It appears that Lakoba, who stood up for the Abkhaz when he could, was extremely popular at home, so Beria did not dare arrest him and his revenge came in subtler form than the show trial, which came into use later, during the Great Purge. Instead, four years later, Lakoba and his brother were summoned to Party headquarters in Tbilisi and Nestor was poisoned during dinner with Beria, dying shortly afterwards. His death of a "heart attack" was announced in newspapers a few days later. Beria feigned tremendous grief. His body was transported from Tbilisi to Sukhumi with great ceremony,〔Medvedev, p. 624.〕 and Lakoba was given an elaborate state funeral which thousands of Abkhazians attended. According to Nikita Khrushchev's memoirs, Beria had Lakoba's body exhumed and burned on the pretext that an "enemy of the people" did not deserve burial in Abkhazia; this was possibly done to hide evidence of poisoning. Others say that after his denunciation his coffin and remains were dug up and reinterred in an unmarked grave elsewhere.〔 Lakoba features as a character in Fazil Iskander's novel ''Sandro of Chegem'', and in the 1989 Soviet film ''Belshazzar's Feasts, or A Night with Stalin'' ((ロシア語:Пиры Валтасара, или Ночь со Сталиным)) inspired by it. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nestor Lakoba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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